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Evidence / 2026

observational

Accessibility of ADHD Assessments in Australia: A Secret Shopper Study

O'Toole C, Finlayson J, Johnstone S, Croaker K (2026). Journal of Attention Disorders.

Population
Australian clinicians advertised as providing ADHD assessment; researchers posed as potential consumers
Sample
736 clinicians contacted by telephone
Condition
ADHD assessment access
Medication focus
Not a treatment trial
Jurisdiction
Australia
Last reviewed
1 September 2026
Measurement period
May–August 2024
PMID
41742378
DOI
10.1177/10870547261421983

Plain-language finding

Between May and August 2024, 736 clinicians were contacted. Fifty-nine percent responded; 49.8% of respondents were available to book an ADHD assessment. Mean waits were 7 weeks for psychologists (median 3), 16 weeks for psychiatrists (median 15), and 31 weeks for paediatricians (median 26). Mean initial session costs and estimated total assessment costs were $266 and $1,622 for psychologists, $748 and $1,163 for psychiatrists, and $500 and $598 for paediatricians (quoted fees, before rebates). Maxima ranged from many months to two years.

Important limitation

Secret-shopper design measures quoted access, not completed assessments or diagnostic quality. Response bias, closed books, and rapid market change all apply. Measurement period is May–August 2024; publication is February 2026. Access may have moved.

Why we cite this

The most recent national measurement of ADHD assessment waits and quoted costs in this library. Distinct from 2023 inquiry testimony.

adhd · australia · access · workforce · cost · service-design

Research demonstrates a statistical relationship. Association is not causation. Timing, dose, confounding and missing data still matter.

Claims this source supports

  • In Australia, ADHD assessment is constrained by clinician availability, waiting time, out-of-pocket cost, a thin public adult pathway, and regional gaps. Recognition is growing faster than the systems built to assess it.

    Last reviewed 2 September 2026