Evidence / 2026
Accessibility of ADHD Assessments in Australia: A Secret Shopper Study
O'Toole C, Finlayson J, Johnstone S, Croaker K (2026). Journal of Attention Disorders.
- Population
- Australian clinicians advertised as providing ADHD assessment; researchers posed as potential consumers
- Sample
- 736 clinicians contacted by telephone
- Condition
- ADHD assessment access
- Medication focus
- Not a treatment trial
- Jurisdiction
- Australia
- Last reviewed
- 1 September 2026
- Measurement period
- May–August 2024
- PMID
- 41742378
- DOI
- 10.1177/10870547261421983
Plain-language finding
Between May and August 2024, 736 clinicians were contacted. Fifty-nine percent responded; 49.8% of respondents were available to book an ADHD assessment. Mean waits were 7 weeks for psychologists (median 3), 16 weeks for psychiatrists (median 15), and 31 weeks for paediatricians (median 26). Mean initial session costs and estimated total assessment costs were $266 and $1,622 for psychologists, $748 and $1,163 for psychiatrists, and $500 and $598 for paediatricians (quoted fees, before rebates). Maxima ranged from many months to two years.
Important limitation
Secret-shopper design measures quoted access, not completed assessments or diagnostic quality. Response bias, closed books, and rapid market change all apply. Measurement period is May–August 2024; publication is February 2026. Access may have moved.
Why we cite this
The most recent national measurement of ADHD assessment waits and quoted costs in this library. Distinct from 2023 inquiry testimony.
adhd · australia · access · workforce · cost · service-design
Research demonstrates a statistical relationship. Association is not causation. Timing, dose, confounding and missing data still matter.
Claims this source supports
In Australia, ADHD assessment is constrained by clinician availability, waiting time, out-of-pocket cost, a thin public adult pathway, and regional gaps. Recognition is growing faster than the systems built to assess it.
Last reviewed 2 September 2026